Myosmine

Myosmine.svg

Myosmine is a naturally occurring alkaloid found in various plants, including tobacco and tomatoes. It is a minor component of tobacco smoke and is also present in certain foods. Myosmine is structurally related to nicotine, another well-known alkaloid found in tobacco.

Chemical Structure and Properties

Myosmine has the chemical formula C₉H₁₀N₂ and a molecular weight of 146.19 g/mol. It is a heterocyclic compound containing a pyridine ring fused to a pyrrole ring. The IUPAC name for myosmine is 3-(1-pyrrolin-2-yl)pyridine.

Occurrence

Myosmine is found in various plants, most notably in Nicotiana tabacum (tobacco) and Solanum lycopersicum (tomato). It is also present in other members of the Solanaceae family. In tobacco, myosmine is a minor alkaloid compared to nicotine but still contributes to the overall alkaloid profile of the plant.

Biological Activity

Myosmine has been studied for its potential biological effects. It is known to cross the blood-brain barrier and may have some pharmacological activity in the central nervous system. However, its effects are less well understood compared to nicotine. Some studies suggest that myosmine may have a role in the addictive properties of tobacco, although its contribution is likely minor compared to nicotine.

Metabolism

In the human body, myosmine is metabolized primarily in the liver. The metabolic pathways involve oxidation and conjugation reactions, leading to the formation of various metabolites that are excreted in the urine. The exact metabolic fate of myosmine and its potential health effects are areas of ongoing research.

Health Implications

The presence of myosmine in tobacco smoke raises questions about its potential health effects. While it is not as abundant or as well-studied as nicotine, myosmine may contribute to the overall toxicity of tobacco products. Research is ongoing to determine its role in the health risks associated with tobacco use.

See Also

• Nicotine
• Tobacco
• Alkaloid
• Blood-brain barrier
• Solanaceae