Natriuretic peptides

Natriuretic peptides are a group of hormones that are produced by the heart and blood vessels. They play a crucial role in the regulation of blood pressure and fluid balance in the body. The three main types of natriuretic peptides are atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP), B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) and C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP).

Function

Natriuretic peptides function to reduce the water, sodium and adipose tissue in the body. This is achieved by suppressing the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, inhibiting the release of vasopressin, and reducing the sympathetic nervous system activity. They also promote vasodilation, which helps to lower blood pressure.

Clinical significance

Natriuretic peptides are often used in clinical settings as biomarkers for heart failure. Elevated levels of BNP or NT-proBNP (the inactive split product of the prohormone of BNP) in the blood are indicative of acute or chronic heart failure. They can also be used to predict the risk of cardiovascular diseases and mortality in individuals with heart disease.

Research

Research into natriuretic peptides has increased our understanding of their role in various diseases. For example, they have been found to have protective effects against atherosclerosis, myocardial infarction, and stroke. They are also being investigated for their potential use in the treatment of obesity and metabolic syndrome.

See also

• Cardiac marker
• Heart failure
• Hypertension