Natural resistance-associated macrophage protein 1

Natural resistance-associated macrophage protein 1 (Nramp1), also known as SLC11A1 (solute carrier family 11 member 1), is a protein that in humans is encoded by the SLC11A1 gene. It is a member of the solute carrier family and plays a crucial role in the regulation of iron homeostasis and macrophage function.

Function

Nramp1 is an integral membrane protein found in the lysosomal membrane of macrophages. It is involved in the transport of divalent cations, including iron and manganese, across the membrane. This transport function is essential for the macrophage's ability to kill pathogenic microorganisms.

In addition to its role in macrophage function, Nramp1 also plays a role in iron homeostasis. It is involved in the transport of iron from the lysosome into the cytosol, a process that is crucial for the maintenance of cellular iron balance.

Clinical significance

Mutations in the SLC11A1 gene, which encodes Nramp1, have been associated with susceptibility to various infectious diseases, including tuberculosis and leprosy. These mutations can result in a dysfunctional Nramp1 protein, impairing the macrophage's ability to kill pathogenic microorganisms and leading to increased susceptibility to infection.

Furthermore, mutations in SLC11A1 have also been linked to iron overload disorders, such as hemochromatosis. This is due to the role of Nramp1 in iron transport and homeostasis.

See also

• Macrophage
• Iron homeostasis
• Solute carrier family