Navicular cell

Type of epithelial cell found in the vaginal epithelium

Navicular cells are a type of epithelial cell found in the vaginal epithelium. These cells are characterized by their boat-like shape, which is where they derive their name, as "navicular" means "boat-shaped" in Latin. Navicular cells are most commonly observed during the menstrual cycle, particularly in the luteal phase and during pregnancy.

Structure

Navicular cell under extremely high magnification

Navicular cells are large, polygonal cells with a distinct, boat-like appearance. They have a dense cytoplasm and a centrally located nucleus. The cytoplasm of navicular cells often contains glycogen, which can be stained and visualized under a microscope. This glycogen content is significant as it plays a role in the vaginal environment, particularly in maintaining the vaginal flora.

Function

Navicular cells are involved in the maintenance of the vaginal epithelium. During the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle, the levels of progesterone increase, leading to the proliferation of navicular cells. These cells contribute to the thickening of the vaginal epithelium and the accumulation of glycogen. The glycogen is metabolized by lactobacilli in the vagina, producing lactic acid and maintaining the acidic pH of the vaginal environment, which is crucial for preventing infections.

Clinical Significance

Navicular cell under high magnification

The presence of navicular cells can be an indicator of hormonal changes in the body. They are often observed in Pap smear tests and can provide information about the hormonal status of a woman. An increase in navicular cells is typically seen during pregnancy and the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle. In some cases, the presence of navicular cells can also indicate hormonal imbalance or other gynecological conditions.

Observation and Identification

Navicular cells are identified through microscopic examination of vaginal smears. They are distinguished by their unique shape and the presence of glycogen-rich cytoplasm. Staining techniques, such as the Papanicolaou stain, are used to highlight the cellular structures and aid in the identification of navicular cells.

Related Pages

• Vaginal epithelium
• Menstrual cycle
• Pregnancy
• Pap smear
• Lactobacilli

Navicular cell under very high magnification