Neural groove

Neural Groove

The Neural Groove is a fundamental structure in the early stages of embryonic development in vertebrates. It is a key component of the neural tube formation process, also known as neurulation. The neural groove is the initial fold that forms along the neural plate, which eventually deepens and closes to form the neural tube.

Formation

The formation of the neural groove is a complex process that involves several stages. Initially, the ectoderm thickens to form the neural plate. This thickening is induced by signals from the underlying mesoderm, particularly the notochord. The edges of the neural plate then elevate to form the neural folds, and a shallow groove, the neural groove, forms along the midline of the neural plate.

Role in Neurulation

The neural groove plays a crucial role in neurulation, the process by which the neural tube forms. The neural folds on either side of the neural groove gradually move towards each other and eventually fuse, transforming the neural groove into the neural tube. This tube will eventually give rise to the central nervous system, comprising the brain and spinal cord.

Clinical Significance

Abnormalities in the formation of the neural groove can lead to neural tube defects (NTDs), such as spina bifida and anencephaly. These are serious birth defects that affect the brain, spine, or spinal cord.

See Also

• Neural Plate
• Neural Tube
• Neurulation
• Neural Tube Defects