Reverse transport

Reverse transport or transporter reversal is a phenomenon in neuroscience where the direction of transport across the cell membrane is reversed. This process is typically associated with neurotransmitter transporters, such as the serotonin transporter (SERT), dopamine transporter (DAT), and norepinephrine transporter (NET).

Etymology

The term "reverse transport" is derived from the reversal of the normal direction of transport across the cell membrane. The normal direction of transport is from the outside of the cell to the inside. In reverse transport, this direction is reversed, with substances being transported from the inside of the cell to the outside.

Mechanism

Reverse transport is typically triggered by certain types of drugs, such as amphetamines. These drugs cause a change in the conformation of the transporter protein, which results in the reversal of the direction of transport. This leads to an increase in the concentration of neurotransmitters in the synaptic cleft, which can result in increased neuronal activity.

Clinical significance

Reverse transport has been implicated in the mechanism of action of several types of drugs, including amphetamines and cocaine. These drugs can increase the concentration of neurotransmitters in the synaptic cleft, which can result in increased neuronal activity and the associated effects of these drugs.

In addition, reverse transport has been suggested as a potential mechanism in the development of certain neurological disorders, such as Parkinson's disease. However, more research is needed to fully understand the role of reverse transport in these conditions.

Related terms

• Neurotransmitter transporter
• Serotonin transporter
• Dopamine transporter
• Norepinephrine transporter
• Amphetamine
• Cocaine
• Parkinson's disease