Nicotiana glauca

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Nicotiana glauca
Kingdom:	Plantae
Phylum:
Class:
Order:	Solanales
Family:	Solanaceae

Nicotiana glauca, commonly known as tree tobacco, is a species of shrub in the Solanaceae family. It is native to South America, particularly in regions of Argentina and Bolivia, but has become naturalized in many other parts of the world, including the United States, Australia, and South Africa.

Description

Nicotiana glauca is a perennial shrub that can grow up to 7 meters in height. The plant is characterized by its glaucous, bluish-green leaves, which are oval to lanceolate in shape. The leaves are alternate and can be up to 30 cm long. The flowers are tubular, yellow, and about 3 to 5 cm long, arranged in terminal clusters. The fruit is a capsule containing numerous small seeds.

Habitat and Distribution

Nicotiana glauca thrives in a variety of habitats, including disturbed areas, roadsides, and riparian zones. It is highly adaptable to different soil types and can tolerate drought conditions. The plant has spread widely outside its native range due to its ability to colonize disturbed sites and its use in ornamental horticulture.

Toxicity

Nicotiana glauca contains alkaloids such as anabasine, which are toxic to humans and animals if ingested. Symptoms of poisoning include nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and in severe cases, respiratory failure and death. The plant's toxicity is a significant concern in areas where it has become invasive, as it poses a risk to livestock and wildlife.

Uses

Despite its toxicity, Nicotiana glauca has been used traditionally by indigenous peoples for medicinal purposes. It has been used as a poultice for skin conditions and as a treatment for respiratory ailments. However, due to its toxic nature, caution is advised in its use.

Invasive Species

In many regions, Nicotiana glauca is considered an invasive species. It competes with native vegetation and can alter local ecosystems. Management strategies include mechanical removal, chemical control, and public awareness campaigns to prevent its spread.

Also see

• Nicotiana tabacum
• Solanaceae
• Invasive species
• Alkaloid