Nonsteroidal
Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are a class of drugs that provide analgesic (pain-killing) and antipyretic (fever-reducing) effects, and, in higher doses, anti-inflammatory effects.
Classification[edit | edit source]
NSAIDs are usually classified based on their chemical structure. Classes include salicylates, propionic acid derivatives, acetic acid derivatives, enolic acid (Oxicams), and selective COX-2 inhibitors.
Mechanism of action[edit | edit source]
NSAIDs work by inhibiting the activity of cyclooxygenase enzymes (COX-1 and/or COX-2). In cells, these enzymes are involved in the synthesis of key biological mediators, namely prostaglandins which are involved in inflammation, and thromboxanes, which are involved in blood clotting.
Uses[edit | edit source]
NSAIDs are used to treat pain and inflammation caused by a variety of conditions, including arthritis, menstrual cramps, and headaches. Some NSAIDs, such as aspirin, have been shown to reduce the risk of heart attack and stroke.
Side effects[edit | edit source]
Common side effects of NSAIDs include stomach upset, heartburn, and a tendency to bleed more, especially when taken in high doses or for a long time. More serious side effects can include kidney damage, stomach ulcers, and increased risk of heart problems.
See also[edit | edit source]
Nonsteroidal Resources | ||
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