Nucleolin

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Protein NCL PDB 2fc8

Nucleolin

File:Nucleolin structure.png

Structure of Nucleolin

Nucleolin is a multifunctional protein that is primarily located in the nucleolus of the cell. It plays a crucial role in various cellular processes, including ribosome biogenesis, RNA metabolism, and cell proliferation. Nucleolin is known to interact with different nucleic acids, proteins, and small molecules, making it a key player in the regulation of gene expression and cell growth.

Structure

Nucleolin is a large protein consisting of multiple domains, including RNA-binding domains, protein-binding domains, and nuclear localization signals. It has been shown to form complexes with various RNA molecules, such as ribosomal RNA and messenger RNA, as well as with other proteins involved in ribosome assembly and function.

Function

The primary function of nucleolin is to regulate ribosome biogenesis by interacting with ribosomal RNA and assisting in the assembly of ribosomal subunits. Additionally, nucleolin is involved in the processing and maturation of various types of RNA molecules, including ribosomal RNA, transfer RNA, and small nuclear RNA. It also plays a role in the regulation of gene expression by modulating the activity of transcription factors and other regulatory proteins.

Role in Disease

Abnormal expression or function of nucleolin has been associated with various diseases, including cancer, neurodegenerative disorders, and viral infections. In cancer, nucleolin has been implicated in promoting cell proliferation and survival, making it a potential target for cancer therapy. Furthermore, nucleolin has been shown to interact with viral proteins and RNA, suggesting a role in viral replication and pathogenesis.

Interactions

Nucleolin interacts with a wide range of proteins, nucleic acids, and small molecules to carry out its diverse functions in the cell. Some of the key interaction partners of nucleolin include RNA polymerase I, nucleophosmin, and various transcription factors involved in ribosome biogenesis and gene expression regulation.