Nux vomica

Nux vomica is a plant that is part of the Loganiaceae family. It is known for its seeds, which contain a large amount of strychnine, a highly toxic, colorless, bitter, crystalline alkaloid used as a pesticide. The seeds are hard and flat, with a dark grey color. They have been used in traditional medicine, particularly in Ayurveda, the traditional medicine system of India.

Description

The Nux vomica tree is small to medium in size, with a short, thick trunk. The bark is smooth and grey, with the wood being white and hard. The leaves are simple, opposite, and shiny, with a smooth edge. The flowers are small, with a pale green color, and they grow in clusters. The fruit is a soft, orange berry containing five seeds.

Distribution

Nux vomica is native to South East Asia and Australia. It is found in open habitats and disturbed areas, often in dry regions on deep, fertile soils. It is also cultivated in India and other countries for its seeds.

Uses

The seeds of Nux vomica are used in traditional medicine for various ailments. They are known to be a powerful stimulant for the nervous system. However, due to their high strychnine content, they can be toxic and should be used with caution.

Toxicity

The seeds of Nux vomica contain two main toxic compounds: strychnine and brucine. Strychnine is a strong poison that affects the central nervous system. Symptoms of strychnine poisoning can include muscle stiffness, convulsions, and death from asphyxia. Brucine, although less toxic than strychnine, can also cause symptoms such as muscle weakness, paralysis, and heart failure.

See also

• Strychnine
• Brucine
• Loganiaceae
• Ayurveda

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