Occipital nerve stimulation

Occipital Nerve Stimulation is a medical procedure used to treat chronic headaches and migraines. This treatment involves the use of a small device that sends electrical impulses to the occipital nerves, which are located at the base of the skull.

Overview

Occipital nerve stimulation (ONS) is a surgical procedure that involves implanting a small device under the skin. This device, known as a neurostimulator, sends electrical impulses to the occipital nerves. These nerves are located at the base of the skull and are responsible for transmitting pain signals to the brain. By stimulating these nerves, ONS can help to block or reduce the pain signals, thereby relieving chronic headaches and migraines.

Procedure

The procedure for occipital nerve stimulation involves several steps. First, a small incision is made at the base of the skull. Then, a thin, insulated wire (known as a lead) is inserted under the skin and positioned near the occipital nerves. The other end of the lead is connected to the neurostimulator, which is typically implanted in the chest or abdomen. Once the device is in place, it can be programmed to send electrical impulses to the occipital nerves at regular intervals.

Uses

Occipital nerve stimulation is used to treat various types of chronic headaches, including migraines, cluster headaches, and occipital neuralgia. It is typically considered for patients who have not responded to other treatments, such as medications or nerve blocks.

Risks and Complications

Like any surgical procedure, occipital nerve stimulation carries some risks. These may include infection, bleeding, and damage to the occipital nerves. In addition, some patients may experience discomfort or changes in sensation at the implantation site. The device may also malfunction or move out of place, requiring additional surgery to fix or replace it.

See Also

• Neurostimulation
• Chronic Pain
• Migraines
• Cluster Headaches
• Occipital Neuralgia