Oncostatin M receptor

The Oncostatin M receptor (OSMR) is a type of protein and receptor that in humans is encoded by the OSMR gene. It is a part of the cytokine receptor family, specifically the type I cytokine receptors, and is a key component in the Oncostatin M signaling pathway.

Structure

The OSMR protein is a single-pass type I membrane protein, meaning it crosses the cell membrane once. It is composed of 979 amino acids and has a molecular weight of approximately 109 kDa. The receptor is made up of several domains, including a fibronectin type III domain and a hematopoietic cytokine receptor domain.

Function

The OSMR binds to the cytokine Oncostatin M, leading to the activation of the JAK/STAT signaling pathway. This pathway is involved in a variety of cellular processes, including cell proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis. The OSMR can also bind to the cytokine Interleukin 31, although the biological significance of this interaction is not fully understood.

Clinical significance

Mutations in the OSMR gene have been associated with primary localized cutaneous amyloidosis, a skin disorder characterized by the accumulation of amyloid in the skin. Additionally, overexpression of the OSMR has been observed in several types of cancer, including breast cancer and melanoma, suggesting a potential role in tumor progression.

See also

• Oncostatin M
• Cytokine receptor
• JAK/STAT signaling pathway
• Interleukin 31