Organic movement

Organic movement refers to the structured advocacy and progression of organic farming and sustainable agriculture practices. The movement began in the early 20th century in response to the rapid industrialization of agriculture and has since grown to encompass a broad range of organizations and individuals dedicated to promoting organic methods and principles.

History

The organic movement began in the early 20th century as a reaction to the industrialization of agriculture, which introduced synthetic fertilizers and pesticides into farming practices. Pioneers of the movement, such as Sir Albert Howard, J.I. Rodale, and Lady Eve Balfour, advocated for a return to traditional farming methods that emphasized soil health and biodiversity.

Principles

The organic movement is guided by four main principles as defined by the International Federation of Organic Agriculture Movements (IFOAM): the principle of health, the principle of ecology, the principle of fairness, and the principle of care. These principles underscore the movement's commitment to sustainable and ethical farming practices that benefit the environment, farmers, and consumers.

Impact

The organic movement has had a significant impact on agriculture and food systems worldwide. It has led to the development of organic standards and certification programs, such as the National Organic Program (NOP) in the United States and the European Organic Certification in the European Union. These programs ensure that products labeled as organic meet strict production and handling standards.

Criticism

Despite its growth and impact, the organic movement has faced criticism. Some argue that organic farming is less efficient than conventional farming and cannot produce enough food to feed the world's growing population. Others question the effectiveness of organic certification programs in ensuring that organic products are truly free from synthetic chemicals.

See also

• Organic farming
• Sustainable agriculture
• Agroecology
• Permaculture