Ovolo

Molding-ovulo

Cyma recta et reversa

Ovolo is an architectural term referring to a convex molding known also as an ovolo. This feature is often found in classical architecture, embodying the principles of both beauty and utility that have guided architectural design through the ages. The ovolo is a component of the classical orders, particularly evident in Doric and Ionic orders, where it plays a critical role in the composition of columns and entablatures.

Design and Function

The ovolo typically presents a quarter-round profile and is a type of molding that can be seen edging the cornice or forming part of the capital in classical columns. Its design is characterized by a smooth, rounded convex curve, which contrasts with the concave curves of the cavetto and the scotia. This molding is not only decorative but also serves to deflect water from the structure, showcasing the blend of aesthetic and practical considerations in classical architecture.

Historical Context

The use of the ovolo dates back to ancient Greece, where it was a prominent feature in the architecture of temples and public buildings. Its adoption and adaptation by the Romans further cemented its place in the architectural lexicon, with variations appearing in Roman and later in Renaissance architecture. The ovolo's enduring appeal lies in its simplicity and the softness it brings to the architectural lines, offering a subtle transition between surfaces.

Applications in Architecture

In modern architecture, the ovolo continues to be used, albeit in a more restrained or stylized form. It is often found in the detailing of window frames, door frames, and along the edges of staircases, where it adds a touch of classical elegance to contemporary designs. The ovolo can also be seen in furniture design, where its rounded profile is used to soften edges and add visual interest.

Related Molding Profiles

The ovolo is part of a family of moldings that include the torus, which is a larger, semicircular profile, and the echinus, which is similar but more pronounced and is specific to the capital of the Doric column. Together, these moldings contribute to the rich vocabulary of classical architecture, allowing for a variety of expressions and details in both ancient and modern buildings.

Conclusion

The ovolo molding is a testament to the enduring principles of classical architecture, where form and function are harmoniously integrated. Its continued use in contemporary design underscores the timeless nature of these principles, demonstrating that the lessons of the past continue to inform and inspire the architecture of the present.