PDIA2

PDIA2 or Protein Disulfide Isomerase Family A Member 2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the PDIA2 gene. It is a member of the protein disulfide isomerase (PDI) family of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) proteins.

Function

PDIA2 is involved in the protein folding process in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). It catalyzes the formation, breakage, and rearrangement of disulfide bonds. During the protein synthesis process, PDIA2 assists in the proper folding of proteins by making and breaking disulfide bonds. This is crucial for the stability and function of many proteins.

Clinical Significance

Mutations in the PDIA2 gene have been associated with various diseases. For instance, a study found that a mutation in PDIA2 was associated with early-onset diabetes and severe insulin resistance. Another study linked PDIA2 mutations to neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson's disease and Alzheimer's disease.

Structure

The PDIA2 protein has a modular structure, with four thioredoxin-like domains. These domains are involved in the formation and isomerization of disulfide bonds in proteins. The structure of PDIA2 is similar to other members of the protein disulfide isomerase family, but it has unique features that distinguish it from other PDIs.

Research

Research on PDIA2 is ongoing, with studies investigating its role in various diseases and its potential as a therapeutic target. For example, some studies are exploring the possibility of using PDIA2 inhibitors to treat diseases such as cancer and diabetes.

See Also

• Protein disulfide isomerase
• Endoplasmic reticulum
• Protein folding
• Early-onset diabetes
• Insulin resistance
• Parkinson's disease
• Alzheimer's disease
• Cancer