PLA2G2A

PLA2G2A is a gene that encodes the enzyme phospholipase A2, group IIA (platelets, synovial fluid) in humans. This enzyme is part of the phospholipase A2 (PLA2) family, which is responsible for the hydrolysis of the second fatty acid chain of phospholipids, leading to the production of arachidonic acid and lysophospholipids.

Function

The PLA2G2A enzyme is secreted and associated with inflammatory responses. It is involved in the regulation of the arachidonic acid cascade, which plays a significant role in the biosynthesis of eicosanoids such as prostaglandins and leukotrienes. These molecules are involved in various physiological and pathological processes, including inflammation, immunity, and tumorigenesis.

Clinical significance

Mutations in the PLA2G2A gene have been associated with susceptibility to gastrointestinal cancer, including colorectal and gastric cancers. The enzyme encoded by this gene has also been implicated in atherosclerosis, rheumatoid arthritis, and other inflammatory diseases.

Research

Research into the PLA2G2A gene and its encoded enzyme is ongoing, with studies investigating its role in various diseases and potential as a therapeutic target.

See also

• Phospholipase A2
• Arachidonic acid
• Eicosanoids
• Prostaglandins
• Leukotrienes
• Gastrointestinal cancer
• Atherosclerosis
• Rheumatoid arthritis