Pais

Pais

Vineyards in the Bío Bío Valley, a key region for Pais cultivation.

Pais, also known as Mission, is a red wine grape variety that has a long history in the wine regions of Chile and Argentina. It is one of the oldest grape varieties in the New World, having been brought to the Americas by Spanish colonists in the 16th century. The grape is known for its resilience and ability to thrive in a variety of climates, making it a staple in the viticulture of these regions.

History

The Pais grape was introduced to the Americas by Spanish missionaries, which is why it is also known as the Mission grape. It was first planted in Mexico and then spread southward to Peru, Chile, and Argentina. In Chile, it became the most widely planted grape variety until the late 20th century when it was overtaken by more internationally recognized varieties such as Cabernet Sauvignon and Merlot.

Viticulture

Pais is a hardy grape that can grow in a variety of soil types and climates. It is particularly well-suited to the dry, arid conditions found in many parts of Chile. The grape is known for its high yields and resistance to disease, which made it a popular choice for early winemakers in the region.

Wine Characteristics

A bottle of Doña Elita Tinto Pais, showcasing the typical style of Pais wine.

Wines made from Pais grapes are typically light-bodied with moderate acidity and low tannins. They often exhibit flavors of red fruits such as strawberries and raspberries, with a rustic, earthy quality. In recent years, there has been a resurgence of interest in Pais wines, with winemakers focusing on producing high-quality, artisanal wines that highlight the unique characteristics of the grape.

Modern Revival

In the 21st century, there has been a renewed interest in Pais as winemakers and consumers alike seek out more authentic and traditional wine experiences. This has led to a renaissance of sorts for the grape, with many producers experimenting with different winemaking techniques to bring out the best in Pais. Some winemakers are using carbonic maceration, a technique often associated with Beaujolais wines, to create fresh, fruity expressions of Pais.

Regions

Pais is primarily grown in the southern regions of Chile, including the Maule Valley, Itata Valley, and Bío Bío Valley. These areas provide the ideal conditions for Pais, with their warm days and cool nights helping to preserve the grape's natural acidity and fruit flavors.

Related Pages

• Wine of Chile
• Mission grape
• Spanish colonization of the Americas
• Viticulture