Palpebral fissure

Palpebral fissure is the elliptical open space between the eyelids. In simple terms, it refers to the opening that lets light into the eye, allowing us to see. The size and shape of the palpebral fissure can vary greatly among individuals and may also indicate certain medical conditions.

Anatomy

The palpebral fissure is bounded by the edges of the upper and lower eyelids, and it exposes the anterior surface of the sclera and cornea. The vertical dimension of the palpebral fissure is typically about 10 mm, while the horizontal dimension is about 30 mm.

Clinical significance

The size and shape of the palpebral fissure can be affected by a variety of medical conditions. For example, a condition known as blepharophimosis is characterized by a narrowing of the palpebral fissure. On the other hand, exophthalmos (protrusion of the eyeball) can lead to an abnormally wide palpebral fissure.

Down syndrome is often associated with an upward slanting of the palpebral fissure, while Fetal alcohol syndrome is associated with a short palpebral fissure.

Measurement

The measurement of the palpebral fissure is important in the diagnosis of various diseases. It can be measured using a ruler or a caliper. The measurement is taken horizontally from the inner canthus to the outer canthus.

See also

• Blepharophimosis
• Exophthalmos
• Down syndrome
• Fetal alcohol syndrome