Human eye

Human eye

The Human eye is a complex organ that provides visual perception, enabling humans to interpret the surrounding environment by processing light. It is part of the sensory system and is crucial for most forms of visual communication.

Anatomy

The human eye is roughly spherical and is composed of several key components:

• Cornea: The transparent front part of the eye that covers the iris, pupil, and anterior chamber.
• Iris: The thin, circular structure in the eye that controls the diameter and size of the pupil and thus the amount of light reaching the retina.
• Pupil: The black circular opening in the iris that lets light in.
• Lens: The transparent biconvex structure in the eye that helps to refract light to be focused on the retina.
• Retina: The light-sensitive layer of tissue at the back of the inner eye that translates light into electrical signals.

Function

The human eye functions by refracting light to be focused on the retina, where it is converted into electrical signals that are sent to the brain via the optic nerve. This process, known as visual perception, allows humans to interpret the surrounding environment.

Health and disease

There are numerous diseases and conditions that can affect the human eye, including cataract, glaucoma, macular degeneration, and diabetic retinopathy. Regular eye examinations are recommended to detect these conditions early and initiate treatment.

See also

• Visual system
• Ophthalmology
• Optometry