Panaeolus olivaceus

Panaeolus olivaceus is a species of mushroom belonging to the genus Panaeolus. This genus is known for its saprotrophic species, which means they obtain nutrients by decomposing organic matter. Panaeolus olivaceus is characterized by its distinctive olive-brown cap and is often found in grassy areas, particularly those enriched with the dung of herbivores. It is one of the many species within the Panaeolus genus that exhibits coprophilous behavior, thriving in environments rich in dung.

Description

Panaeolus olivaceus features a cap that ranges from 2 to 4 cm in diameter, initially bell-shaped before flattening out with age. The cap's surface is smooth, with an olive-brown coloration that can vary in intensity depending on environmental conditions. The gills are closely spaced, starting out light gray and becoming darker with maturity due to the spore color. The stem of the mushroom is slender, ranging from 4 to 8 cm in height, and is typically the same color as the cap or slightly lighter.

The spores of Panaeolus olivaceus are black in mass, which is a characteristic feature of many mushrooms in the Panaeolus genus. Microscopically, the spores are smooth and elliptical, measuring 12-15 x 7-10 µm.

Habitat and Distribution

Panaeolus olivaceus is found in various parts of the world, including North America, Europe, and Asia. It prefers grassy areas, especially those where the soil is enriched with the dung of herbivores such as cows and horses. This mushroom is most commonly observed during the warmer months of the year, from late spring through to early fall.

Edibility and Toxicity

The edibility of Panaeolus olivaceus is not well-documented, and it is generally advised to avoid consumption due to the potential for confusion with toxic species. Some species within the Panaeolus genus contain psychoactive compounds, and accurate identification is crucial for safety reasons.

See Also

• Mushroom hunting
• Mushroom poisoning
• Psychoactive mushroom

References

	gills on hymenium
File:Campanulate cap icon.svg	cap is campanulate
	stipe is bare
	spore print is black
	ecology is saprotrophic
	edibility: unknown