Parotid plexus

Parotid Plexus (also known as Plexus Parotideus or Pterygopalatine Ganglion) is a network of nerves located in the parotid gland, which is the largest of the salivary glands. The parotid plexus is derived from the Facial Nerve and its branches innervate the facial muscles.

Etymology

The term "Parotid Plexus" is derived from the Greek words "para" (beside), "ous, otos" (ear), and "plexus" (braid), referring to its location near the ear and its network-like structure.

Anatomy

The parotid plexus is formed by the branching of the facial nerve within the Parotid Gland. It consists of temporofacial and cervicofacial divisions which further divide into five main branches: the temporal, zygomatic, buccal, mandibular, and cervical branches. These branches innervate the muscles of facial expression.

Clinical Significance

Damage to the parotid plexus can result in Facial Paralysis, a condition that causes loss of voluntary muscle movement in the face. This can occur due to trauma, surgery, or diseases such as Bell's Palsy or Parotitis, an inflammation of the parotid gland.

Related Terms

• Facial Nerve: The seventh cranial nerve that controls the muscles of facial expression, and functions in the conveyance of taste sensations from the anterior two-thirds of the tongue and oral cavity.
• Parotid Gland: The largest of the salivary glands, it secretes saliva to begin the digestion process.
• Bell's Palsy: A condition that causes sudden, temporary weakness or paralysis of the muscles on one side of the face.
• Parotitis: An inflammation of one or both parotid glands, the major salivary glands located on either side of the face, in humans.

Parotid plexus Resources
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