Pediatric obesity

Pediatric Obesity is a serious medical condition that affects children and adolescents. It occurs when a child is well above the normal or healthy weight for his or her age and height. The main causes of excess weight depend on behavior and genetics. Behaviors include physical activity, inactivity, dietary patterns, medication use, and other exposures. Additional contributing factors in our society include the food and physical activity environment, education and skills, and food marketing and promotion.

Causes

The causes of Pediatric Obesity are complex and include genetic, biological, behavioral and cultural factors. Obesity occurs when a person eats more calories than the body burns up. If one parent is obese, there is a 50 percent chance that their children will also be obese. However, when both parents are obese, their children have an 80 percent chance of being obese.

Complications

Pediatric Obesity can have a harmful effect on the body in a variety of ways. Children who have obesity are more likely to have:

• High blood pressure and high cholesterol, which are risk factors for cardiovascular disease
• Increased risk of insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes
• Breathing problems, such as sleep apnea, and asthma
• Joint problems and musculoskeletal discomfort
• Fatty liver disease, gallstones, and gastro-esophageal reflux (i.e., heartburn)

Prevention

Prevention of Pediatric Obesity can include the following:

• Healthy eating habits
• Regular physical activity
• A positive attitude towards healthy behaviors

Treatment

Treatment for Pediatric Obesity is based on the child's age and if he or she has other medical conditions. Treatment usually includes changes in the child's eating habits and physical activity level.