Pediculosis capitis

Pediculosis capitis is a condition caused by an infestation of the head louse, Pediculus humanus capitis. It is a common issue, particularly among children aged 3-11. The condition is not a sign of poor hygiene and can affect anyone, regardless of their cleanliness or socioeconomic status.

Symptoms

The primary symptom of pediculosis capitis is an itchy scalp, which is caused by an allergic reaction to louse saliva. Other symptoms may include a tickling feeling of something moving in the hair, irritability, and difficulty sleeping. In severe cases, continuous scratching can lead to secondary bacterial infections.

Transmission

Head lice are primarily spread through direct head-to-head contact. They cannot jump or fly, but they can crawl quickly. Indirect transmission is less common but can occur through sharing personal items like combs, brushes, hats, and headphones.

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of pediculosis capitis is typically made by visual inspection. Live lice or nits (eggs) close to the scalp confirm the diagnosis. Nits found more than 1 cm from the scalp have likely already hatched or are dead.

Treatment

Treatment for pediculosis capitis involves the use of over-the-counter or prescription medications that kill lice and their eggs. In some cases, manual removal of lice and nits with a fine-toothed comb may be necessary.

Prevention

Prevention strategies include avoiding head-to-head contact, not sharing personal items, and regular checks for lice in children.

See also

• Louse
• Pediculosis corporis
• Pediculosis pubis

Pediculosis capitis Resources
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