Pentan-2-ol
Pentan-2-ol, also known as sec-amyl alcohol, is an organic compound with the chemical formula C₅H₁₂O. It is one of the isomers of pentanol, a type of alcohol with five carbon atoms. Pentan-2-ol is a secondary alcohol, meaning the hydroxyl group (-OH) is attached to a secondary carbon atom, which is a carbon atom bonded to two other carbon atoms.
Structure and Properties[edit | edit source]
Pentan-2-ol has the following structural formula:
CH₃-CH(OH)-CH₂-CH₂-CH₃
This structure indicates that the hydroxyl group is attached to the second carbon in the pentane chain. As a secondary alcohol, pentan-2-ol can undergo oxidation to form a ketone, specifically pentan-2-one.
Physical Properties[edit | edit source]
- Molecular Weight: 88.15 g/mol - Density: 0.81 g/cm³ - Boiling Point: 119 °C (246 °F) - Melting Point: -60 °C (-76 °F) - Solubility: Moderately soluble in water; miscible with most organic solvents.
Chemical Properties[edit | edit source]
Pentan-2-ol is a flammable liquid and should be handled with care. It can participate in typical alcohol reactions, such as: - Oxidation: Can be oxidized to pentan-2-one using oxidizing agents like potassium dichromate or chromic acid. - Esterification: Reacts with carboxylic acids to form esters in the presence of an acid catalyst. - Dehydration: Can undergo dehydration to form alkenes, such as pent-2-ene, in the presence of an acid catalyst.
Synthesis[edit | edit source]
Pentan-2-ol can be synthesized through the hydration of pentenes, specifically 2-pentene, using an acid catalyst. This process involves the addition of water across the double bond of the alkene.
Applications[edit | edit source]
Pentan-2-ol is used in the synthesis of various chemical compounds and as a solvent in the laboratory. It is also used in the production of perfumes and flavorings due to its pleasant odor.
Safety and Handling[edit | edit source]
Pentan-2-ol is a flammable liquid and should be stored in a cool, well-ventilated area away from sources of ignition. It can cause irritation to the skin and eyes, and inhalation of vapors may cause respiratory irritation. Proper personal protective equipment, such as gloves and goggles, should be used when handling this chemical.
Also see[edit | edit source]
- Pentanol - Alcohol (chemistry) - Secondary alcohol - Pentan-2-one - Esterification
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