Pentagastrin

Pentagastrin is a synthetic peptide that has similar physiological effects to gastrin, a hormone produced in the stomach. It is primarily used in diagnostic procedures to evaluate gastric function and to stimulate gastric acid secretion for testing purposes.

History

Pentagastrin was first synthesized in the 1960s as a means to study the effects of gastrin on the stomach. It was found to have similar effects to natural gastrin, including the stimulation of gastric acid secretion and the growth of gastric mucosa.

Structure and Function

Pentagastrin is a tetrapeptide, meaning it is composed of four amino acids. These amino acids are arranged in a specific sequence: Trp-Met-Asp-Phe-NH2. This sequence is similar to the C-terminal (or end) sequence of gastrin, which is believed to be the active site of the hormone.

When administered, pentagastrin binds to the gastrin/CCK receptors on the cells of the stomach, triggering them to release gastric acid. This is the same mechanism by which natural gastrin works.

Medical Uses

Pentagastrin is used in a variety of diagnostic tests, including the Pentagastrin Stimulation Test. This test is used to assess the ability of the stomach to secrete acid. It can be used to diagnose conditions such as Zollinger-Ellison syndrome, a condition characterized by excessive gastric acid secretion.

In addition, pentagastrin can be used to stimulate the secretion of pancreatic enzymes and gallbladder contraction, providing a means to assess the function of these organs.

Side Effects

Like all medications, pentagastrin can cause side effects. These can include nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, and flushing. In rare cases, severe allergic reactions can occur.

See Also

• Gastrin
• Zollinger-Ellison syndrome
• Pentagastrin Stimulation Test