Peridot

Atomic structure of olivine 1

NHM - Pallasit Fukang

Peridot Doubling

Peridot olivine on basalt

Peridot-USGS

Gemperidot

Peridot is a gemstone that belongs to the mineral family of olivine. It is known for its distinctive green color, which can range from yellow-green to olive to brownish-green, depending on the amount of iron content in the crystal structure. The name "peridot" is believed to have originated from the Arabic word faridat, meaning gem. This gemstone is particularly noted for its transparency and is one of the few gemstones that occur in only one color, although shades may vary.

Formation and Sources

Peridot forms deep within the Earth's mantle and is brought to the surface by volcanic eruptions. It can also be found in meteorites, making it one of the few gemstones known to have extraterrestrial origins. The main sources of peridot include Myanmar, China, Vietnam, Pakistan, and the United States, particularly in the state of Arizona. The San Carlos Reservation in Arizona is one of the most significant sources of peridot in the world.

Historical Significance

Peridot has a rich history and has been cherished by many civilizations for thousands of years. It was highly valued in ancient Egypt and was often referred to as the "gem of the sun" by the Egyptians, who believed it protected its wearer from terrors of the night. Some historians also believe that some of the "emeralds" worn by Cleopatra were actually peridot. In the Middle Ages, peridot was used to adorn churches and was believed to possess healing properties.

Properties and Uses

Peridot is rated between 6.5 and 7 on the Mohs scale of hardness, making it relatively durable but also susceptible to scratching and cracking if not handled with care. It is often used in jewelry, including rings, necklaces, bracelets, and earrings. Due to its vibrant color and clarity, peridot is also popular in various decorative and lapidary applications.

Care and Maintenance

To maintain the beauty of peridot jewelry, it should be cleaned with mild soap and water. Ultrasonic and steam cleaners should be avoided as they can cause damage to the stone. Peridot should also be stored separately from other jewelry to prevent scratches.

Cultural and Astrological Significance

Peridot is associated with the month of August and is considered the birthstone for those born in that month. It is also linked to the zodiac sign of Leo. Peridot is believed to bring good health, restful sleep, and peace to relationships by balancing emotions and mind. This gemstone is also thought to attract love and calm anger.