Perpendicular plate of ethmoid bone

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The perpendicular plate of the ethmoid bone is a thin, flattened lamina that descends from the cribriform plate of the ethmoid bone and forms part of the nasal septum. It is a critical structure in the anatomy of the nasal cavity and plays a significant role in separating the two nasal passages.

Anatomy

The perpendicular plate of the ethmoid bone is situated in the midline of the nasal cavity. It extends downward from the cribriform plate, which is a horizontal structure that forms the roof of the nasal cavity and contains numerous small foramina for the passage of the olfactory nerves. The perpendicular plate articulates with several other bones, including the vomer, the nasal bones, and the cartilage of the nasal septum.

Function

The primary function of the perpendicular plate of the ethmoid bone is to contribute to the formation of the nasal septum, which divides the nasal cavity into two separate chambers. This division is essential for the proper flow of air through the nasal passages and for the function of the respiratory system. The nasal septum also supports the mucous membranes that line the nasal cavity, which are involved in filtering, warming, and humidifying the air we breathe.

Clinical Significance

Deviations or fractures of the perpendicular plate of the ethmoid bone can lead to a deviated septum, which may cause breathing difficulties, nasal congestion, and an increased risk of sinus infections. Surgical procedures, such as septoplasty, may be performed to correct these issues and improve nasal function.

Related Structures

• Ethmoid bone
• Cribriform plate
• Nasal septum
• Vomer
• Nasal bones
• Cartilage of the nasal septum
• Olfactory nerves

See Also

• Nasal cavity
• Respiratory system
• Septoplasty
• Deviated septum