Petrosal nerve

Petrosal Nerve

Diagram of the course and branches of the petrosal nerve.

The Petrosal Nerve is a nerve in the human body that is part of the glossopharyngeal nerve (cranial nerve IX). It is a lesser known nerve but plays a significant role in the parasympathetic innervation of the parotid gland.

Anatomy

The petrosal nerve is a branch of the glossopharyngeal nerve. It originates in the jugular foramen, a large opening in the base of the skull. From there, it travels through the middle ear and the petrous part of the temporal bone, from which it derives its name.

Function

The petrosal nerve carries parasympathetic fibers to the parotid gland, stimulating the production of saliva. It also carries taste fibers from the soft palate and the upper part of the pharynx.

Clinical Significance

Damage to the petrosal nerve can result in loss of salivation and taste sensation. This can occur due to trauma, infection, or surgical complications.

See Also

• Glossopharyngeal nerve
• Parotid gland
• Jugular foramen
• Middle ear