Phallus rubicundus

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Phallus rubicundus 44395

Phallus rubicundus is a species of fungus in the family Phallaceae. It is commonly known as the red-capped stinkhorn due to its distinctive red cap and foul odor. This species is found in various regions around the world, including North America, South America, Africa, and Asia.

Description

Phallus rubicundus is characterized by its bright red to orange cap, which is covered in a slimy, foul-smelling gleba. The gleba contains the spores and attracts insects, which help in spore dispersal. The stipe (stalk) is white to pale pink and hollow, with a spongy texture. The fungus emerges from an egg-like structure called a volva, which remains at the base of the stipe after the fungus has fully developed.

Habitat and Distribution

Phallus rubicundus is typically found in mulch, wood chips, and other decaying organic matter. It thrives in warm, humid environments and is often seen in gardens, parks, and forests. The species has a wide distribution and can be found in various continents, including North America, South America, Africa, and Asia.

Life Cycle

The life cycle of Phallus rubicundus begins with the formation of a mycelium, which is a network of fungal threads. The mycelium produces an egg-like structure called a primordium, which eventually develops into the mature fruiting body. The fruiting body emerges from the volva and releases spores from the gleba, which are then dispersed by insects attracted to the foul odor.

Ecology

Phallus rubicundus plays a role in the decomposition of organic matter, breaking down dead plant material and contributing to nutrient cycling in the ecosystem. The species is saprotrophic, meaning it feeds on decaying organic matter.

Edibility

Phallus rubicundus is not considered edible due to its foul odor and unpalatable taste. While it is not known to be toxic, it is generally avoided by foragers.

Similar Species

Phallus rubicundus can be confused with other species of stinkhorns, such as Phallus impudicus and Mutinus caninus. However, its distinctive red cap and specific habitat preferences help in distinguishing it from other species.