Phenethicillin

Phenethicillin is a type of antibiotic that belongs to the penicillin class of medications. It is used to treat a variety of bacterial infections by inhibiting the growth of bacteria.

Mechanism of Action

Phenethicillin works by inhibiting the synthesis of bacterial cell walls. It binds to penicillin-binding proteins located inside the bacterial cell wall, which leads to the inhibition of the transpeptidase enzyme. This enzyme is crucial for the bacteria to maintain the strength of their cell walls. When this enzyme is inhibited, the bacteria are unable to form a proper cell wall, leading to cell lysis and death.

Uses

Phenethicillin is used to treat a variety of bacterial infections, including streptococcal infections, pneumococcal infections, and staphylococcal infections. It is also used to prevent rheumatic fever and chorea, which are complications of streptococcal infections.

Side Effects

Like all medications, phenethicillin can cause side effects. Common side effects include nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and allergic reactions. In rare cases, it can cause serious side effects such as anaphylaxis, Stevens-Johnson syndrome, and toxic epidermal necrolysis.

Precautions

Before taking phenethicillin, patients should inform their healthcare provider if they have any allergies, especially to penicillin or other antibiotics. It should be used with caution in patients with a history of kidney disease, liver disease, or asthma.

Interactions

Phenethicillin can interact with other medications, including probenecid, oral contraceptives, and warfarin. Therefore, patients should inform their healthcare provider of all the medications they are currently taking.

See Also

• Penicillin
• Antibiotic
• Bacterial infection