Philo McGiffin

Philo Norton McGiffin

Philo Norton McGiffin (December 13, 1860 – February 11, 1897) was an American naval officer and adventurer who served in the Imperial Chinese Navy during the late 19th century. He is best known for his participation in the First Sino-Japanese War and his contributions to naval tactics and strategy.

Early Life

Philo McGiffin was born in Washington, Pennsylvania, to a family with a strong military tradition. He attended the United States Naval Academy in Annapolis, Maryland, where he graduated in 1882. Despite his promising career, McGiffin faced difficulties in securing a commission in the United States Navy due to the limited number of available positions at the time.

Career in the Imperial Chinese Navy

In 1885, McGiffin traveled to China and joined the Imperial Chinese Navy as an instructor and advisor. He quickly rose through the ranks and became involved in the modernization of the Chinese fleet. McGiffin played a significant role in the Battle of the Yalu River (1894), one of the major naval engagements of the First Sino-Japanese War.

Battle of the Yalu River

During the Battle of the Yalu River (1894), McGiffin served aboard the Chinese flagship, the Dingyuan. His experience and tactical acumen were instrumental in the Chinese efforts to counter the Japanese fleet. Despite the eventual defeat of the Chinese forces, McGiffin's actions were noted for their bravery and skill.

Later Life and Death

After the war, McGiffin returned to the United States, where he struggled with the physical and psychological toll of his experiences. He suffered from severe post-traumatic stress disorder and other health issues. On February 11, 1897, Philo McGiffin died by suicide in New York City.

Legacy

Philo McGiffin is remembered as a pioneering figure in naval warfare and a symbol of the adventurous spirit of the late 19th century. His contributions to naval tactics and his service in the Imperial Chinese Navy have been recognized in various historical accounts.

See Also

• First Sino-Japanese War
• Battle of the Yalu River (1894)
• Imperial Chinese Navy
• United States Naval Academy