Phlomis

Phlomis0 KS

Phlomis armeniaca kz01

Phlomis tuberosa sl22

Phlomis is a genus of flowering plants in the Lamiaceae family, commonly known as Jerusalem sage. This genus includes a variety of species, many of which are native to the Mediterranean region, though their range extends into Asia as well. Phlomis plants are recognized for their distinctive woolly leaves and whorled flower clusters, which come in shades of yellow, pink, or purple. They are popular in gardens and landscaping for their drought resistance and attractive appearance.

Description

Phlomis species are perennial, semi-evergreen or evergreen shrubs and herbaceous plants. They typically have square stems, a characteristic of the Lamiaceae family, and their leaves are often covered in a dense layer of hairs, giving them a silvery or woolly appearance. The flowers of Phlomis are arranged in tiered whorls, which encircle the stem at intervals. These flowers are tubular and bilabiate (having two lips), a common trait within the Lamiaceae family.

Ecology

Phlomis species are well adapted to dry, sunny environments and are often found in mediterranean climates. Their woolly leaves help to reduce water loss, making them excellent plants for xeriscaping. They are also known to be resistant to deer browsing due to their textured leaves. In terms of pollination, Phlomis flowers are attractive to a variety of pollinators, including bees, which play a significant role in their reproductive process.

Cultivation

Phlomis are valued in horticulture for their robust nature and attractive flowers and foliage. They prefer well-drained soil and full sun, and once established, they are quite low maintenance and drought-tolerant. Some species, such as Phlomis fruticosa, known as Jerusalem sage, and Phlomis russeliana, are commonly grown in gardens. These plants can be propagated by seed, cuttings, or division in the spring or autumn.

Uses

Beyond their ornamental value, some species of Phlomis have been used in traditional medicine for their anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties. However, the medicinal use of Phlomis species is not widely supported by scientific research, and care should be taken when using plants for home remedies.

Species

There are over 100 species in the Phlomis genus. Some notable species include:

• Phlomis fruticosa - Jerusalem sage
• Phlomis italica - Italian Jerusalem sage
• Phlomis russeliana - Turkish sage
• Phlomis samia - Samos sage

Conservation

While many Phlomis species are common and not considered at risk, habitat destruction and overcollection have put some species under threat. Conservation efforts are important to ensure the survival of less common and endangered species within this genus.