Phospholipase A2 group IVD

Phospholipase A2 group IVD (PLA2G4D) is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the PLA2G4D gene. This enzyme belongs to the phospholipase A2 (PLA2) group of enzymes, which produce fatty acids and lysophospholipids.

Function

Phospholipase A2 group IVD is a member of the cytosolic PLA2 family. It catalyzes the hydrolysis of the sn-2 position of phospholipids, leading to the release of arachidonic acid (AA) and lysophospholipids. The released AA can be further metabolized into eicosanoids, which are important mediators of inflammation and allergic reactions.

Structure

The PLA2G4D enzyme is a 806-amino acid protein with a molecular weight of approximately 92 kDa. It contains a lipase consensus sequence (GXSXG) and a C2 domain, which is involved in calcium-dependent phospholipid binding.

Clinical significance

Alterations in the PLA2G4D gene have been associated with various diseases. For example, mutations in this gene have been linked to autoimmune diseases and cancer. Further research is needed to fully understand the role of this enzyme in human health and disease.

See also

• Phospholipase A2
• Arachidonic acid
• Eicosanoids