Lipase

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Lipase is an enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of lipids. Lipases are a subclass of the esterases.

Function[edit | edit source]

Lipases perform essential roles in the digestion, transport, and processing of dietary lipids (e.g., triglycerides, fats, oils) in most, if not all, living organisms. Genes encoding lipases are even present in certain viruses. Most lipases act at a specific position on the glycerol backbone of a lipid substrate (A1, A2 or A3) (small intestine). For example, human pancreatic lipase (HPL), which is the main enzyme that breaks down dietary fats in the human digestive system, converts triglyceride substrates found in ingested oils to monoglycerides and two fatty acids.

Types of Lipases[edit | edit source]

There are several types of lipases, including:

Mechanism of Action[edit | edit source]

Lipases catalyze the hydrolysis of ester bonds in lipids, resulting in the formation of glycerol and free fatty acids. The enzyme binds to the lipid substrate and, through a series of chemical reactions, breaks the ester bonds. This process is essential for the absorption of dietary fats in the small intestine.

Clinical Significance[edit | edit source]

Abnormal levels of lipase in the blood can indicate various medical conditions. Elevated lipase levels are often associated with pancreatitis, an inflammation of the pancreas. Low levels of lipase may indicate chronic pancreatic insufficiency or other conditions affecting the pancreas.

Industrial Applications[edit | edit source]

Lipases are used in various industrial applications, including:

See Also[edit | edit source]

References[edit | edit source]



External Links[edit | edit source]


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