Phytophthora

Phytophthora is a genus of plant-damaging oomycetes (water molds), whose member species are capable of causing enormous economic losses on crops worldwide, as well as environmental damage in natural ecosystems. The name Phytophthora, literally meaning "plant destroyer," comes from the Greek language.

Taxonomy

The group of oomycetes, to which Phytophthora belongs, were originally classified among the fungi, but research in the early 20th century revealed major differences, leading to their reclassification in the kingdom Chromista.

Species

There are approximately 100 recognized species of Phytophthora. Some of the most notable include Phytophthora infestans, which was responsible for the Great Irish Famine, and Phytophthora cinnamomi, a species known to damage almost 5,000 species of plants and cause disease in nearly 500 species, particularly in Australia.

Life cycle

Phytophthora species reproduce via spores. The spores, known as zoospores, are produced in a sporangium. The zoospores are motile via two flagella, allowing them to swim towards plant roots in soil water.

Disease control

Control of Phytophthora diseases involves a combination of tactics, with plant resistance being the most important. Other tactics include proper site selection, good water management, and the use of fungicides.

See also

• Phytophthora ramorum
• Phytophthora sojae
• Phytophthora capsici
• Phytophthora kernoviae

External links

• Phytophthora Database
• Sudden Oak Death and Phytophthora ramorum

Phytophthora Resources
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