Pipkin classification

Pipkin Classification is a system used in the medical field to categorize femoral head fractures. The classification was developed by Dr. Gurdal Pipkin in 1957. It is primarily used to determine the appropriate treatment for hip dislocations and femoral head fractures.

Etymology

The classification is named after Dr. Gurdal Pipkin, an orthopedic surgeon who first proposed this system in 1957.

Classification

The Pipkin Classification is divided into four types:

• Pipkin Type I: This involves fractures below the fovea capitis of the femoral head. These fractures are typically associated with posterior hip dislocations.

• Pipkin Type II: This involves fractures above the fovea capitis. Like Type I, these fractures are also usually associated with posterior hip dislocations.

• Pipkin Type III: This type involves fractures of the femoral head along with fractures of the femoral neck.

• Pipkin Type IV: This is the most severe type and involves fractures of the femoral head along with acetabular fractures.

Treatment

The treatment for Pipkin fractures depends on the type of fracture.

• Pipkin Type I and II fractures can often be treated non-operatively if the fracture fragment is small and does not block hip motion.

• Pipkin Type III and IV fractures usually require surgical intervention due to the involvement of the femoral neck or acetabulum.

Prognosis

The prognosis for Pipkin fractures depends on the type of fracture, the patient's age, and the timeliness and effectiveness of treatment. Generally, the prognosis is better for Type I and II fractures than for Type III and IV fractures.

See Also

• Femoral head
• Hip dislocation
• Femoral neck fracture
• Acetabular fracture

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