Piromidic acid
Piromidic Acid[edit | edit source]
Piromidic acid is a pyridopyrimidine antibiotic that belongs to the class of quinolones. It is primarily used in the treatment of urinary tract infections (UTIs) due to its effectiveness against a range of gram-negative bacteria.
Mechanism of Action[edit | edit source]
Piromidic acid works by inhibiting the DNA gyrase enzyme, which is essential for bacterial DNA replication. By preventing the supercoiling of DNA, piromidic acid disrupts the replication process, leading to bacterial cell death. This mechanism is similar to other quinolone antibiotics, which target bacterial DNA synthesis.
Pharmacokinetics[edit | edit source]
Piromidic acid is administered orally and is well absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract. It is distributed throughout the body and achieves high concentrations in the urinary tract, making it particularly effective for treating infections in this area. The drug is metabolized in the liver and excreted primarily through the kidneys.
Clinical Uses[edit | edit source]
Piromidic acid is used to treat uncomplicated urinary tract infections caused by susceptible strains of bacteria. It is effective against common pathogens such as Escherichia coli, Proteus mirabilis, and Klebsiella pneumoniae. However, its use is limited to specific cases due to the availability of newer quinolones with broader spectra of activity.
Side Effects[edit | edit source]
Common side effects of piromidic acid include gastrointestinal disturbances such as nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea. Some patients may experience allergic reactions, including rash and pruritus. Rarely, it can cause central nervous system effects such as dizziness and headache.
Contraindications[edit | edit source]
Piromidic acid is contraindicated in patients with a known hypersensitivity to quinolones. It should be used with caution in patients with renal impairment due to its primary excretion through the kidneys. It is also not recommended for use in pregnant or breastfeeding women unless absolutely necessary.
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