Plague pit

Plague Pit

A plague pit is a mass grave used to bury victims of the plague, particularly during the pandemics that swept through Europe in the Middle Ages and later periods. These pits were often dug in haste to accommodate the large number of bodies resulting from outbreaks of the bubonic plague, also known as the Black Death.

History

The use of plague pits became widespread during the Black Death pandemic of the 14th century, which is estimated to have killed between 75 and 200 million people across Europe, Asia, and Africa. As the death toll rose, traditional burial methods became impractical, leading to the creation of large communal graves.

Medieval Europe

During the Black Death, cities such as London, Paris, and Florence were overwhelmed by the number of deaths. In London, for example, the Charterhouse Square was one of the sites used for plague pits. These pits were often located outside city walls to prevent the spread of disease.

Later Outbreaks

Plague pits were also used during later outbreaks, such as the Great Plague of London in 1665. The rapid spread of the disease and the high mortality rate necessitated the use of mass graves once again.

Archaeological Discoveries

In recent years, archaeological excavations have uncovered several plague pits, providing valuable insights into the impact of the plague on historical populations. These discoveries have been made in various locations, including East Smithfield in London, where a well-preserved pit was found containing hundreds of skeletons.

Cultural Impact

The existence of plague pits has had a lasting impact on cultural memory and literature. They are often referenced in historical accounts and fictional works dealing with the plague. The fear and devastation caused by the plague have left a significant mark on European history and culture.

Modern Implications

The study of plague pits has implications for modern science, particularly in the fields of epidemiology and genetics. By analyzing the remains found in these pits, scientists can learn more about the strains of the plague bacterium, Yersinia pestis, and how it evolved over time.

See Also

• Black Death
• Great Plague of London
• Yersinia pestis
• Mass grave