Platelet-derived growth factor

Platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) is a protein that is one of the numerous growth factors, or proteins that regulate cell growth and division. In particular, it plays a significant role in blood vessel formation (angiogenesis), the growth of blood vessels from already-existing ones.

PDGF is a dimer formed from two chains, A and B, and the isoforms AA, AB (or BA), and BB are encoded by two different genes. PDGF is stored in platelet alpha granules and is released upon binding of platelets to exposed endothelium. It is also produced by other cell types, such as macrophages, endothelial cells, and smooth muscle cells.

Function[edit | edit source]

PDGF plays a role in embryogenesis, the process by which the embryo forms and develops. It also promotes division and migration of cells during the development of the neural crest. This is a group of cells that can differentiate into a variety of cell types and contribute to many different body parts, including peripheral and enteric nervous systems, cartilage, and bone.

In adults, PDGF is associated with wound healing and the formation of scar tissue. PDGF and its receptors are upregulated in the edge of healing wounds and it recruits cells to the area to initiate the healing process.

Clinical significance[edit | edit source]

Overexpression of PDGF has been implicated in several diseases such as atherosclerosis, fibrosis, and malignant diseases. It is also implicated in mesothelioma, a type of cancer that develops from the thin layer of tissue that covers many of the internal organs (known as the mesothelium).

See also[edit | edit source]

Platelet-derived growth factor Resources
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