Poisonous plant

Poisonous Plants are a group of flora that produce substances causing harm to animals and humans when ingested or contacted. These harmful substances are typically secondary metabolites, a broad group of compounds that, while not directly involved in a plant's growth, reproduction, or photosynthesis, are often critical for its survival in the environment.

Classification

Poisonous plants can be classified based on the type of harmful substances they produce. Some common classes include:

• Cyanogenic Glycosides: These plants, such as apricots and almonds, produce cyanide when their tissues are damaged.
• Alkaloids: This large group of plants, including nightshade and foxglove, produce a variety of toxic compounds that can affect the nervous system.
• Oxalates: Plants like rhubarb and spinach contain oxalic acid or its salts, which can cause kidney damage if consumed in large amounts.

Effects on Humans and Animals

The effects of plant poisoning can range from mild discomfort to death, depending on the plant and the amount consumed. Symptoms can include nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal pain, dizziness, hallucinations, and seizures. In severe cases, it can lead to respiratory failure, cardiac arrest, and death.

Prevention and Treatment

Prevention of plant poisoning involves education about the dangers of poisonous plants and the identification of these plants. Treatment typically involves removing the plant from the mouth, washing the affected area, and seeking medical attention. In some cases, antidotes may be available.

See Also

• List of poisonous plants
• Plant defense against herbivory
• Toxicology