Porcine stress syndrome

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Breeding practices to reduce Porcine Stress Syndrome

Porcine Stress Syndrome (PSS) is a genetic disorder in pigs that is characterized by a hypermetabolic reaction to stress. This condition is particularly significant in the swine industry due to its impact on animal welfare and meat quality.

Pathophysiology

Porcine Stress Syndrome is caused by a mutation in the ryanodine receptor gene (RYR1), which is responsible for calcium release in muscle cells. This mutation leads to uncontrolled calcium release, resulting in excessive muscle contraction and increased metabolic activity. The condition is similar to malignant hyperthermia in humans.

Clinical Signs

Pigs affected by PSS may exhibit signs such as muscle rigidity, rapid breathing, and hyperthermia. In severe cases, the condition can lead to sudden death due to cardiac arrest or respiratory failure.

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of Porcine Stress Syndrome can be achieved through genetic testing for the RYR1 mutation. Additionally, clinical signs and response to stress can aid in diagnosis. The halothane challenge test was historically used but is less common now due to the availability of genetic tests.

Management and Prevention

Management of PSS involves minimizing stress in affected pigs and providing supportive care during episodes. Prevention is primarily achieved through selective breeding practices to eliminate the RYR1 mutation from breeding stock.

Impact on Meat Quality

PSS can lead to pale, soft, exudative (PSE) meat, which is undesirable in the market. PSE meat results from rapid post-mortem pH decline and poor water-holding capacity, affecting the texture and appearance of pork products.

Related Pages

• Swine
• Malignant hyperthermia
• Animal welfare
• Meat quality