Posterior ciliary arteries

Posterior ciliary arteries

The posterior ciliary arteries are crucial blood vessels in the eye that supply blood to the choroid and the optic nerve. These arteries are branches of the ophthalmic artery, which itself is a branch of the internal carotid artery.

Anatomy

The posterior ciliary arteries are typically divided into two groups: the short posterior ciliary arteries and the long posterior ciliary arteries.

Short Posterior Ciliary Arteries

The short posterior ciliary arteries are numerous small branches that penetrate the sclera around the optic nerve. They supply blood to the posterior part of the choroid and the optic disc. These arteries play a vital role in maintaining the health of the retina and the optic nerve head.

Long Posterior Ciliary Arteries

The long posterior ciliary arteries are usually two in number, one on the medial side and one on the lateral side. They run forward between the sclera and the choroid to supply the anterior part of the choroid, the ciliary body, and the iris. These arteries are essential for the blood supply to the anterior segment of the eye.

Function

The primary function of the posterior ciliary arteries is to provide oxygenated blood to the structures of the eye, particularly the choroid, which is responsible for nourishing the outer layers of the retina. This blood supply is crucial for the proper functioning of the visual system.

Clinical Significance

Compromise of the posterior ciliary arteries can lead to serious ocular conditions. For instance, occlusion of these arteries can result in anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (AION), which can cause sudden vision loss. Additionally, diseases such as glaucoma and age-related macular degeneration can be influenced by the health of these arteries.

Related Pages

• Ophthalmic artery
• Internal carotid artery
• Choroid
• Optic nerve
• Retina
• Anterior ischemic optic neuropathy
• Glaucoma
• Age-related macular degeneration