Posterior intercostal artery

Posterior Intercostal Artery

The course and distribution of the posterior intercostal arteries. (Posterior intercostal arteries are labeled at center right.)

The Posterior Intercostal Artery is a group of arteries that supply blood to the intercostal space, the area between the ribs. These arteries are part of the thoracic aorta and are typically eleven in number on either side.

Anatomy

The posterior intercostal arteries arise from the thoracic aorta, except for the first two pairs, which originate from the supreme intercostal artery. Each artery runs in the intercostal space between the corresponding rib and the rib below, along with the intercostal nerve and intercostal vein.

Function

The primary function of the posterior intercostal arteries is to supply oxygenated blood to the muscles, bones, and skin in the intercostal spaces. They also provide collateral circulation to the heart in case of obstruction of the coronary arteries.

Clinical significance

Knowledge of the posterior intercostal arteries is crucial in thoracic surgery and interventional procedures, such as thoracentesis and chest tube insertion, to avoid injury to these vessels.

See also

• Anterior intercostal artery
• Intercostal space
• Thoracic aorta