Primates

Primates are a group of mammals that includes humans, apes, monkeys, and prosimians such as lemurs and tarsiers. They are characterized by their highly flexible limbs, forward-facing eyes, and complex social structures. Primates are found in various parts of the world, with the majority of species living in tropical or subtropical regions.

Classification

Primates are divided into two suborders: Strepsirrhini and Haplorhini. Strepsirrhini includes lemurs, lorises, and galagos, while Haplorhini includes tarsiers, monkeys, and apes. Haplorhini is further divided into two infraorders: Platyrrhini (New World monkeys) and Catarrhini (Old World monkeys and apes).

Characteristics

Primates are known for their large brains relative to body size, which allows for complex problem solving and social interaction. They have forward-facing eyes that provide stereoscopic vision, and opposable thumbs that allow for precise manipulation of objects. Many primates also have a prolonged period of juvenile dependency, during which they learn necessary skills from their parents or other group members.

Behavior and Ecology

Primates exhibit a wide range of social structures, from solitary individuals to complex multi-male, multi-female groups. Many species are arboreal, spending most of their time in trees, while others are terrestrial. Primates have diverse diets that include fruit, leaves, insects, and in some cases, meat.

Conservation

Many primate species are threatened by habitat loss, hunting, and disease. Conservation efforts include habitat protection, captive breeding programs, and research into primate behavior and ecology.

See Also

• Evolution of primates
• Primate cognition
• Primate conservation