Pristinamycin IIA

Pristinamycin IIA is a macrolide antibiotic that is part of the pristinamycin family. It is produced by the bacterium Streptomyces pristinaespiralis. Pristinamycin IIA is used in the treatment of Gram-positive bacterial infections, including those caused by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA).

Chemistry

Pristinamycin IIA is a macrocyclic lactone with a 16-membered ring. It is a glycoside that contains a sugar moiety, L-ristosamine, attached to the macrolactone ring. The macrolactone ring contains several functional groups, including a ketone, an ester, and an alkene.

Mechanism of action

Pristinamycin IIA inhibits protein synthesis in bacteria by binding to the 50S ribosomal subunit. This prevents the formation of a functional 70S initiation complex, which is essential for the translational process. As a result, the growth of the bacteria is inhibited.

Clinical use

Pristinamycin IIA is used in the treatment of infections caused by Gram-positive bacteria, including MRSA. It is particularly effective against Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pyogenes. Pristinamycin IIA is usually administered orally.

Side effects

The most common side effects of pristinamycin IIA include nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and rash. In rare cases, it can cause hepatotoxicity and allergic reactions.

See also

• Pristinamycin
• Macrolide
• Antibiotic
• Streptomyces pristinaespiralis