Propanethiol

Propanethiol

Propanethiol, also known as 1-propanethiol, n-propyl mercaptan, or propyl hydrosulfide, is an organic compound with the molecular formula C3H8S. It is a thiol, which means it contains a sulfur-hydrogen (S-H) group. Propanethiol is a colorless liquid with a strong, unpleasant odor, similar to that of garlic or rotten eggs. It is primarily used in the production of other chemicals and as an odorant for natural gas.

Chemical Properties

Propanethiol is a member of the thiols family, which are organic compounds that contain a sulfur-hydrogen (S-H) group. This S-H group is responsible for the strong, unpleasant odor associated with propanethiol and other thiols. Propanethiol has a molecular weight of 76.16 g/mol and a boiling point of 67-68 °C.

Production

Propanethiol is typically produced through the reaction of propyl alcohol with hydrogen sulfide. This reaction is catalyzed by an acid, such as sulfuric acid. The resulting product is then purified through distillation.

Uses

Propanethiol is primarily used in the production of other chemicals. It is also used as an odorant for natural gas. Because natural gas is odorless, propanethiol is added to give it a distinct smell. This allows leaks to be detected easily.

Safety

Propanethiol is a flammable liquid and its vapors can form explosive mixtures with air. It can cause irritation to the eyes, skin, and respiratory tract. Prolonged exposure can lead to more serious health effects, such as nausea, headache, and confusion.

See Also

• Thiols
• Propyl alcohol
• Hydrogen sulfide

References

• The Merck Index, 14th Edition, Merck & Co., Inc., Whitehouse Station, NJ, USA, 2006.
• CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, 89th Edition, CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL, USA, 2008.

External Links

• ChemSpider
• PubChem