Propenoic acid

Propenoic acid, also known as acrylic acid, is an organic compound with the formula CH2=CHCOOH. It is the simplest unsaturated carboxylic acid, consisting of a vinyl group connected directly to a carboxylic acid terminus. This colorless liquid has a characteristic acrid or tart smell. It is miscible with water, alcohols, ethers, and chloroform. More than a million tons are produced annually.

Production

Propenoic acid is produced by oxidation of propene, a byproduct of ethylene and gasoline production. It is a component of many polymers and resins. It is used in the production of coatings, adhesives, sealants, inks, and plasticizers, as well as in the treatment of textiles and leather.

Uses

Propenoic acid is a versatile industrial chemical with a wide range of uses. It is a key raw material in the production of superabsorbent polymers, which are used in products such as diapers, adult incontinence products, and feminine hygiene products. It is also used in the manufacture of coatings, adhesives, sealants, and elastomers. In addition, it is used in the production of detergents, floor polishes, and paints.

Safety

Exposure to propenoic acid can cause irritation to the skin, eyes, and respiratory tract. It can also cause burns and frostbite in its liquid or solid state. Long-term exposure can lead to chronic bronchitis and skin sensitization. It is classified as a hazardous substance and is regulated by the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) and the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA).

See also

• Acrylic resin
• Acrylate polymer
• Propene
• Carboxylic acid