Prunus ilicifolia

Prunus ilicifolia, commonly known as Hollyleaf Cherry or Islay, is a species of evergreen shrub in the rose family. It is native to the chaparral biome of western North America, from Baja California and California, to southwestern Oregon.

Description

Prunus ilicifolia is an evergreen shrub to tree, producing an aroma and has a bitter taste. It grows to 8–15 feet (2.4–4.6 m) in height, and has stiff, spiny leaves that resemble those of holly, hence its common name. The leaves are 1–2 inches (2.5–5.1 cm) long and have a toothed margin. The shrub's flowers are small (1 inch), white and produce a large amount of nectar. The fruit is a cherry 12–25 mm diameter, edible and sweet, but contains a large pit.

Distribution and habitat

Prunus ilicifolia is found in both the coastal sage scrub and chaparral communities, up to 1,500 m in elevation. It is drought-tolerant and prefers full sun, but can tolerate a variety of soil types.

Uses

The fruit of Prunus ilicifolia is edible and was used by Native American groups in California as a food source. The wood was used to make tools and the leaves were used for medicinal purposes.

Conservation

While not currently listed as threatened or endangered, Prunus ilicifolia populations are impacted by habitat loss due to urban development and agriculture.

See also

• List of California native plants
• Flora of California