Pterygoid process

Pterygoid process is a bony structure that is part of the human skull. It is located on the sphenoid bone, which is situated at the base of the skull. The pterygoid process consists of two parts: the lateral pterygoid plate and the medial pterygoid plate. These plates serve as attachment points for several important muscles involved in chewing and swallowing.

Anatomy

The pterygoid process is a downward projection from the junction of the body and the greater wing of the sphenoid bone. It is divided into two plates: the lateral pterygoid plate and the medial pterygoid plate. The lateral plate is the thinner and longer of the two, while the medial plate is wider and shorter.

Between the two plates is the pterygoid fossa, which serves as the attachment point for the medial pterygoid muscle. The lateral pterygoid muscle attaches to the lateral pterygoid plate.

Function

The pterygoid process and its associated muscles play a crucial role in the mechanics of chewing and swallowing. The lateral pterygoid muscle helps to open the jaw, while the medial pterygoid muscle assists in closing the jaw and moving it side to side.

Clinical significance

Abnormalities or injuries to the pterygoid process can lead to difficulties with chewing and swallowing. In some cases, surgical intervention may be necessary to correct these issues.

See also

• Sphenoid bone
• Lateral pterygoid muscle
• Medial pterygoid muscle

Pterygoid process Resources
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