Pyloric valve

Pyloric Valve

The Pyloric Valve, also known as the pyloric sphincter, is a crucial part of the human digestive system. It is a muscular valve that controls the flow of partially digested food from the stomach to the small intestine.

Anatomy

The pyloric valve is located at the lower part of the stomach, known as the pylorus. It is a circular muscle that typically measures 10 to 20 millimeters in diameter. The valve's primary function is to prevent the backflow of intestinal contents into the stomach, ensuring a one-way passage of food through the digestive tract.

Function

The pyloric valve plays a vital role in the digestive process. After food is broken down in the stomach, it becomes a semi-liquid substance known as chyme. The pyloric valve then opens to allow small amounts of chyme to pass into the small intestine. This process is regulated by neural and hormonal factors.

Disorders

Several disorders can affect the function of the pyloric valve. Pyloric stenosis is a condition in which the valve thickens, preventing food from moving into the small intestine. This condition is most commonly seen in infants and requires surgical intervention. Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) can also occur if the valve does not close properly, allowing stomach acid to flow back into the esophagus.

Treatment

Treatment for disorders of the pyloric valve depends on the specific condition. In the case of pyloric stenosis, a surgical procedure known as a pyloromyotomy is often performed. For GERD, lifestyle changes, medication, or in severe cases, surgery may be recommended.

See Also

• Digestive system
• Stomach
• Small intestine
• Pyloric stenosis
• Gastroesophageal reflux disease